Chemical peels use a combination of acids and enzymes to exfoliate the outer layers of the skin. The three main types of acids used in chemical peels are alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs), and trichloroacetic acid (TCA). These acids break down the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to be sloughed off more easily. The enzymes in chemical peels also break down the proteins that hold dead skin cells together.
This exfoliation process stimulates cell turnover, encouraging the growth of new, healthy skin cells. Furthermore, some chemical peels also stimulate the production of collagen, a fibrous protein that holds skin tissues together, helping you achieve taut and firm skin. As a result, chemical peels can reduce the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, and acne scars, revealing smoother, brighter, and more youthful-looking skin. The results depend on the depth of chemical peels, ranging from mild to deep.